sinopsis sederhana tentang isyarat wa tanbihat ibnu sina

Overview about Isyarat wa Tanbihat (remarks and admonitions) Ibnu Sina

by Salman Nano

أَحمد الله على حسن توفيقه وأسأله هداية طريقه. وإلهام الحق بتحقيقه. وأصلى على المصطفين من عبيده لرسالته وخصوصاً على محمد وآله. أيها الحريص على تحقيق الحق إني مهد إليك في هذه “ الاشارات والتنبيهات ” أصولاً وجملاً من الحكمة عليك تفريعها وتفصيلها. ومبتدىء

(Preface of Isyarat wa Tanbihat)

 

 

Abu Ali al-Hussain Ibn Abdallah Ibn Sina(Avesina) was born in 980 A.D. at Afshana near Bukhara, the part of Iran. The young Bu Ali received his early education in Bukhara, and by the age of ten had become well versed in the study of the Qur’an and various sciences. He started studying philosophy by reading various Greek, Muslim and other books on this subject and learnt logic and some other subjects from Abu Abdallah Natili, a famous philosopher of the time. While still young, he attained such a degree of expertise in medicine that his fame spread far and wide. At the age of 17, he was fortunate in curing Nooh Ibn Mansoor, the King of Bukhhara, of an illness in which all the well-known physicians had given up hope. On his recovery, the King wished to reward him, but the young physician only desired permission to use his uniquely stocked library.

He wrote almost 450 works on a wide range of subjects, of which around 240 have survived. In particular, 150 of the surviving works concentrated on philosophy and 40 of them concentrated on medicine. His most famous works are The Book of Healing, a vast philosophical and scientific encyclopaedia, and The Canon of Medicine, which was a standard medical text at many Islamic and European universities up until the early 19th century.

Every single Book of philosopher should be treated as part as whole of Treatise in same

Must keep in mind we also to identify as clearly as possible the main current in the continuing flow of philosopical thought.

The value of this book is enhanced by esoteric theme.

In volume 2, ibnu sina on natural science page 1 : that issue of natural metafisik or hikmah thabi’I wa ilahi always be central of different opinion.

The last of his work of his life is remarks and admonition whereas (no like) syifa and Najat (najar was concise of Syifa) which written in his young age, so remarks and admonitioan is well organized, profound, deep and full maturity, stylic, and interconection composition

It also show that the past will not sleep, it work still with every new fact a ray of light shoots up from the long buried years.

Although the beginning of emergence and life of islamic Philosopy by AL-Kindi (half first century of tree) and Farabi and Ikhwanu Shafa but it developed and completed by Avicena it self.

In mysticisme Ibnu Sina delivering isue of hapinees and that about station of arif. In view of ibnu sina, Arifin (wayfarers) not only in hereafter but he also may benefit from after here.

Something which we have to learn from Ibnu Sina is his energy, his mind opennes to study frm other culture. He started studying philosopy by reading various greek.

Yes, Ibnu Sina is better known in Europa by the latinized name avicena. He is probably the most significant philosopher in islamic tradition and arguably the most influential philospher of the per-modern era.

Something more interesting to he also emphasize the screet of verses. In his four volume, despite in short and his analyses is not so new in this time, realy but we keep in mind it will lead question wa Avicena is mystic?

Yes, in later Iranian tradition, Avicena’s thought was critically distilled with mystic insight and He become knows as a Mystical Thinker, a view much disputed in more recent scholarship.

Isyarat wa tanbihat (Remark and Admonitions) have many comentators the most importan was Imam Fakhrudin Razi and Nashirudin Thusi

There is different view of Thusi and Razi as well as diferent between philosopical thought and teology thought.

A Thusi comentary regarded as extend of his philosophical theory whereas Razi who againt philosopy take position to critizises Ibnu Sina.

And by reading Isyarat wa Tanbihat, we will find interesting story about how such a great peripatetic philosopher change his way of thought. And in the end of his life he become great mysticer, in this regard why such book isyarat wa tanbihat and definitely the ilahiyat chapter have a great welcoming by Islamic Scholar more that the rest chapter.

Actually, although he was aristotelian, he is not only comentator but also strees on critic and solve abut 28.000 philosophical issue that can not be handle by Aristotles.

It great and amazing, a awesome masterpiece and summa in indicate his polymath in any field.

As stated also by Dr Mutahhari which Ibu sina inherited from Aristoteles merely 60 issues so here it is obviously why a western studi again Aristotle peripatetik by analyses ibnu sina works. So is very clearly how Islam is very concern with the other culture and having mind open to grasp, learn such valuable knowledge from any sources.

Syifa summarized in an-Najat and Isyarat wa Tanbihat regarded as one of his last works in his life, and we can see that although Sina had employed Aristotelian notion in his book and but at same time he try to separated himself from peripateic way and take step into neo platonic way or islami mysticisme. And it was no astonishes since he is a moslem, love al-quran and he is totally differ from Aristotle, so of course, his background will affect his way of thinking.

Even quoted that sometimes he create his philosopical idea by reading hadis. So it no so strange if in the end of his book he open a discusion about mysticme (irfan). One of his theme is hapiness topic that realy different from his teacher Aristotle.

And catch to find, Avicena did all research by himself alone. He is realy very genius man and sometime he ought to memory one of treatise by 40 times!

So we back again to our discuss on isyarat wa tanbihat, his book is loaded,profoundly and systematically prepared to any studen. Thoroughly we was advised to take care, to read carefully and eagerlly. Himself acknowledged it was not easy to understand while readable.

Like other books and so as well as other philosopher he focus firstly on mantic (logic)

And than he pursue to analyses natural, metaphyisich and mysticism.

The first volume or remarsk and admonitions

1. The goal of logic
2. Had, rasm, genus and species
3. compotions, information,preposition
4. contradictory of preposition (tanaqud qhadaya)

in natural section or thabiiyat Ibnu Sina try to proof existensi of sixt sense (inward faculty) like sensus comunis, waham, khayal and so on, for example he said that why we saw line of rain, despite eyes only can see drops of water, our senses can not detect the line of rain, so through this argumen for the the reality of faculty of inward (faculty of batin).

Ibnu sina critizises the logical school of Bagdad from their devotion to Aristotle at that time

He also investigatee the theory of definitions and classification and quantifications

As big philosopher Avicena have great contributions in his analyses in huduts and qadim world, affirmation of being, unity of being, science of God, determinations and free will propethood, resurections and so on.

And he is the lover of knowledge and scientific and love is very crucial for everything

I like to quoet the persian great potes Hafiz who say

Fall in love otherwise, some day the world will be annihilated while you have not learned the purpose of universe only with love you can decipher the code of this universe.

So in summary Isyarat wa Tanbihat reflect mature thinking on variety of logical and metaphysical issues. A work may examined through periode of his life ,more older more perfect in thinking. Althoug sometimes no as much as young age in quantity. But in general he alwas try to maximize his own potentiality, so the more he learned the more wiser .

A man of that age has to live carefully left unimportan things and more focus on essential problem

According to Gutar it was written in Isfahan in early 1030s and according to Michot it dates from an earlier period in Hamadan and possibly Rayy

Consequently quality of works may examined thoroughly.

( In the end of Isyarat Ibnu Sina Said ):

. وختم به وصيته وهو آخر فصول هذا ا. وهذا ما تيسر لي من حل مشكلات كتاب الإشارة والتنبيهات مع قلة البضاعة وقصور الباع في هذه الصناعة وتعذر الحال وتراكم الأحوال والتزام الشرط المذكور في مفتتح الأقوال وأنا أتوقع ممن يقع إليه كتابي هذا أن يصلح ما يعثر عليه من الخلل والفساد بعد أن ينظر فيه بعين رقمت أكثرها في حال صعب لا يمكن أصعب منها حال ورسمت أغلبها في مدة كدورة بال بل في أزمنة يكون كل جزء منها ظرفاً لغصة وعذاب أليم وندامة وحسرة عظيم وأمكنة توقد كل آن فيها زبانية نار جحيم ويصب من فوقها حميم. ما مضى وقت ليس عيني فيه مقطراً ولا بالي مكدراً ولم يجىء حين لم يزد ألمي ولم يضاعف همي وغمي. نعم ما قال الشاعر بالفارسية: بكردا كردخود جندانكه بينمبلا أنكشترى و من نكينم وما لي ليس في امتداد حياتي زمان ليس مملواً بالحوادث المستلزمة للندامة الدائمة والحسرة الأبدية وكان استمرار عيشي أمير جيوشه غموم وعساكره هموم. اللهم نجني من تزاحم أفواج البلاء وتراكم أمواج العناء بحق رسول المجتبن ووصيه المرتضى وفرج عني ما أنا فيه بلا إله إلا أنت وأنت أرحم الراحمين

Bibliography :

1. Comentary on Isyarat wa Tanbihat by Thusi
2. Peripatetic Philosopy by DR Yastrib
3. www. Moslemphilosophy.com